Huamu Great World Network July 11th news: Rizhao City, Shandong Province, spring wind horticultural field since 2008 began potted anthurium production, facilities are mainly solar greenhouses. In recent years, through continuous improvement of cultivation-related facilities and equipment, and improved production environment, the quality of anthurium has been significantly improved, the roots of plants have been developed, the leaves are bright, and the flowers are colorful. The products are sold in Rizhao and distributed smoothly to Beijing and Qingdao. , Qingzhou and other places. Now we start with four environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light and gas, and summarize the facilities and equipment and environmental control technology to share with you.
If the temperature of nighttime is lower than 18 °C for a long time, the anthurium will stop growing; the temperature of day and night will continuously exceed 26 °C for more than 1 week, and the lower leaves of some temperature-sensitive varieties such as 'Alabama' will start to turn yellow; °C, photosynthesis will drop significantly. If the temperature is too high for a long time, there will be problems such as flower fading, thinning of the stigma, short shelf life, etc.; the ambient temperature changes drastically, generally refers to a sudden drop in temperature or a sudden rise of more than 3 °C in a short period of time. Anthurium flowers can also appear green ears, deformities, etc., which seriously affect the value of product products, so temperature control is very important for the growth of Anthurium.
The horticultural field uses three measures to effectively cool down:
Install the inner loop. The temperature in the front of the solar greenhouse is high, and the temperature in the north and near the water curtain is low. In order to keep the indoor temperature basically balanced, four inner loops are installed in a 450 square meter solar greenhouse, two in a row, cross-mounted, and the air in the shed Forming a whole cycle can effectively reduce the temperature inside the shed by about 1.5 °C. At the same time, the temperature controller is installed to automatically start when the temperature is higher than 24 °C, and automatically stop below this temperature, which saves energy and reduces labor management costs.
Install the fog spray system. In the early spring and late autumn, when the water curtain is not easy to open, the fog spray + fan system is used, and the humidity automatic control system is equipped to effectively reduce the temperature inside the shed and maintain the humidity inside the shed.
Install the water curtain cycle controller. In the summer, the use of fog spray + fan system cooling effect is not ideal; in the late autumn, all use of water curtains is a little too low temperature. In this regard, the spring breeze horticultural field explores the use of the circulation control instrument on the water curtain control switch, adjusts the water supply and the stop time according to the temperature, so that the water curtain is separated by water, and the ideal temperature in the shed is maintained.
In terms of heating, the horticultural field has made the following two improvements based on the needs of environmental protection and energy conservation.
A two-layer film is used. The outer membrane generally uses a three-layer co-extruded 15 s PE membrane and the inner membrane uses an 8 s PO membrane. Fix the card slot on the inner tube of the double beam, and then clamp the inner film to the beam. The distance between the inner and outer tubes of the double beam is generally about 25 cm. Under the same conditions in winter, the temperature of the double film shed is 1 °C higher than that of the single film shed. Left and right, can effectively reduce the heating cost, if the insulation type shed film is used, the insulation effect is better.
Install a ground source heat pump. In accordance with the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, the spring wind gardening field installed the ground source heat pump heating system in the autumn of 2017. The automation control, after one year of trial operation, the cost is basically the same as that of coal burning, reaching the requirements of green, environmental protection and low carbon.
Humidity during the day: The humidity of the air suitable for anthurium growth is 60% to 80%. If it is less than 60% for a long time, it will easily cause the red palm flower to open. To keep the humidity relatively stable, the horticultural field installs a fog spray in the shed. Internal circulation system with automatic control.
At night: the nighttime air humidity in the solar greenhouse will generally reach saturation, and the nighttime anthurium leaves spit water, which increases the air humidity. The use of ground cover gardening cloth can reduce the air humidity by about 10%. In winter, the ground of the anthurium greenhouse should be kept as dry as possible. The humidity in the shed is too high for a long time, which affects the growth of plants and even causes blackening of the palm surface.
Light The light intensity suitable for the growth of Anthurium is generally 15000 to 18000 Lux. If the light is too strong, it will easily cause the red palm to fade and reduce the value of the commodity; if it is too weak, it will lead to dull color and even black palm. In this regard, the horticultural field mainly takes three measures: changing the shade net with the season. Every year around October 1st, as the sun moves southward, the 75% shading net is replaced with 50%, and around June 1 of the following year, it is replaced with 75% shading net.
Pull the shade net at the right time. In the morning, due to the soft light, the lighting time should be increased appropriately. When the temperature in the shed exceeds 30 °C, the shade net is pulled to avoid the burning of the plant due to strong light in the afternoon. When the light in the shed is around 10,000 Lux, the shading net is removed. To ensure that the Anthurium receives sufficient light.
Install the fill light. In winter, the sunshine time is short, and the anthurium grows slowly. In the case of even cloudy days, the red palm light is seriously insufficient. The anthurium produced in winter is prone to black ears or even black palms. In order to make up for the lack of winter light, the horticultural field installed a fill light, which was opened for 2 hours on a rainy day and every morning and evening to ensure the anthurium needed for light.
Air air circulation is not smooth, dull, and insufficient supply of carbon dioxide will affect the growth rate of anthurium and lengthen the production cycle. In this regard, the horticultural field installed six unpowered fans with a diameter of 45 cm on the slope of the solar greenhouse. In order to enhance the ventilation and heat removal effects with the outside, an exhaust fan was installed in the middle of the shed, which not only ventilated. The effect can also be cooled, and the effect is particularly obvious in winter.
